Tạp chí Y học Thành phố Hồ Chí Minh, 9(2):78. DOI
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Hà Mạnh Tuấn, Hoàng Trọng Kim
A prospective cohort study about the incidence of nosocomial infection (NI) was conducted in pediatric intensive care unit (PICU). There were 671 included for 14 months. The incidence of NI is 22.9%, and 29.3/1000 patient-days, in which nosocomial pneumonia accounts for 49.4%, 43.1/1000 ventilator-days, septicemia: 27.3%, 49.3/1000 central catheter-days, surgical site infection: 12.3%, catheterinduced infection: 11.7%, urinary tract infection: 5.8%, 41.9/1000 urinary catheter-days. Day of onset NI is 6.4 ± 5 days, no significant difference in NI rate in age and sex (p>0.05). There is a significant correlation between NI with hopitalized days (r=0.98, p<0.01), length of ICU stay (r=0.49, p<0.01), and device utilization: as mechanical ventilator, central venous catheter, urinary catheter (r=0.56; 0.22; 0.33, p<0.01 respectively). NI rate is higher in patients with moderate malnutrition, co-morbidities, immunocompromise, PRISM score # 10, surgical intervention, antibiotic therapy (p<0.05). Gram negative organisms are main causes of NI (79.8%): Klebsiella (17.1%), Acinetobacter (16.9%), P. aeruginosa (16.9%), Enterobacter spp (13.7%), E. coli (11.3%); Gram positive bacteria account for 17.0%: S. aureus (8.8%), Coagulase negative Staphylococcus (7.3%); Candida is 3.2%. Length of ICU stay , and length of hospital stay of the patients with NI are 17.4 ± 17.5 and 25.4 ± 20.1 days, respectively, higher than that of the patients without NI (p<0.01). The mortality rate of the patients with NI is 36.4% significantly higher than that of the patients without NI (8.6%) (p<0.01).